Geography

Water cycle: an interactive model

Trace water through sea, cloud, precipitation and river in an interactive landscape. Sun-heat and wind controls let pupils compare changes in this illustrative model, and one question focuses on cloud formation over a mountain. The separate companion explains droplet growth, combined river-and-snow storage and omitted processes.

Follow evaporation, condensation and precipitation in the model. Open it to change the sun and wind.

Read the complete material

Read the material

Interactive activity

Trace water through sea, cloud, precipitation and river in an interactive landscape. Sun-heat and wind controls let pupils compare changes in this illustrative model, and one question focuses on cloud formation over a mountain. The separate companion explains droplet growth, combined river-and-snow storage and omitted processes.

Water cycle: an interactive model

This larger view opens at the starting state.

A teaching sequence

Pupils should explain a route through evaporation, condensation, precipitation and collection, then use the mountain example to connect cooling with droplet formation. They should recognise that condensation alone does not guarantee rain and identify a process or store omitted from the model.

Follow evaporation, condensation and precipitation in the model. Open it to change the sun and wind.

Read the complete material

Trace each water process

Follow water from the sea towards the cloud and back through precipitation and river flow. Ask what happens between each named stage rather than accepting the stage names alone.

What happens to water between evaporation and condensation?

Change heat, then wind

Predict what changing sun heat might alter, then compare with wind fixed. Reset before changing wind and describe only the model behaviour actually observed.

What changed with wind fixed, and what changed after you reset and varied wind?

Explain droplets and rain

Answer the mountain question and explain why rising moist air can cool and form droplets. Ask what else must happen before droplets fall as rain, using the companion’s growth qualification.

What must happen to droplets before they can fall as rain?

Compare stores and omissions

Read the illustrative stores, including River + snow. Compare cold/calm and hot/strong settings, then discuss how omitted groundwater and transpiration would broaden a real water-cycle account.

Where would groundwater and transpiration fit in a fuller water-cycle account?

Before you teach

Look for the thinking behind an answer, choose the support your class needs and leave room for an independent response.

What to look for

A useful response connects evaporation into invisible vapour, condensation into droplets and precipitation returning water towards collection. For the quiz, “Rising air cools” explains cloud formation; droplets must also grow enough to fall as rain. If a pupil describes a cloud as a full container, return to droplet growth and the model’s illustrative thresholds.

Give a little support

Use a route sketch and the stem “Water moves from… to… when…”. Work through one connection before tracing the whole route. Keep vapour and visible droplets distinct, and use the combined River + snow label when discussing where the illustrated water is stored.

Take the idea further

Draw a second landscape that includes groundwater or transpiration and add those connections to the model’s route. Explain what the screen omits and why its store percentages cannot describe Earth’s measured water distribution. Keep the added diagram as a reasoned extension rather than a weather forecast.

Things to keep in mind

Rates, time, rounded store percentages and rain thresholds are illustrative, not Earth data or a forecast. Groundwater and transpiration are omitted.

Keep the idea. Make it yours.

Bring your topic, learning goal and class context to PLAI™, then review what you create.

Make one for my class

Ideas to try with your class

Sample teaching perspectives on what to try, what to adapt and what to watch for.

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Chalk & Chai

This Year 6 interactive landscape shows evaporation, condensation, precipitation and collection, with sun-heat and wind controls, rounded illustrative stores and a mountain question about cloud droplets. Groundwater and transpiration are explicitly omitted.

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Gentle Reminder

The mountain prompt links rising air cooling to droplet formation, while the companion distinguishes condensation from the droplet growth needed before rain falls. Comparing one control at a time supports a focused explanation of model behaviour.

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Notes Between Bells

Trace one route from sea through cloud to river or snow, use the stem “Water moves from … to … when …” and keep vapour distinct from visible droplets. Reset before changing from sun heat to wind.

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After the Bell

The rates, store shares, time and rain thresholds are illustrative, not Earth data or a forecast. Identify omitted groundwater and transpiration when discussing the model and avoid treating its percentages as measured global water distribution.

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